Lower Health Care Costs by Taxing Unhealthy Behaviors

Have philosophical discussions about politics, law, and government.
Featured Article: Definition of Freedom - What Freedom Means to Me
User avatar
Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
The admin formerly known as Scott
Posts: 5765
Joined: January 20th, 2007, 6:24 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
Contact:

Lower Health Care Costs by Taxing Unhealthy Behaviors

Post by Eckhart Aurelius Hughes »

In my recent philosophy of politics article, Ways to Lowering Health Care Costs, I explained my top 5 suggestions. Please use this thread to specifically discuss the first suggestion about taxing unhealthy behaviors.

Do you agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would lower health care costs? Do you agree it would reduce the amount people engage in these behaviors?

In the article, I suggest taxing the following list of unhealthy behaviors or commodities: cigarettes, alcohol, fast food, television, speeding, fighting, candy, soda, and foods containing high fructose corn syrup, food colorings, sugar substitutes, and carcinogenic ingredients. Are there any other unhealthy behaviors or commodities that you would add to the list?

Thanks!
Scott
My entire political philosophy summed up in one tweet.

"The mind is a wonderful servant but a terrible master."

I believe spiritual freedom (a.k.a. self-discipline) manifests as bravery, confidence, grace, honesty, love, and inner peace.
Belinda
Premium Member
Posts: 13815
Joined: July 10th, 2008, 7:02 pm
Location: UK

Post by Belinda »

Certainly I agree with taxing unhealthy behaviours. Carrot and stick, I favour prevention rather than cure where there is a choice.
Socialist
Nick_A
Posts: 3364
Joined: April 19th, 2009, 11:45 pm

Re: Lower Health Care Costs by Taxing Unhealthy Behaviors

Post by Nick_A »

Scott wrote:In my recent philosophy of politics article, Ways to Lowering Health Care Costs, I explained my top 5 suggestions. Please use this thread to specifically discuss the first suggestion about taxing unhealthy behaviors.

Do you agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would lower health care costs? Do you agree it would reduce the amount people engage in these behaviors?

In the article, I suggest taxing the following list of unhealthy behaviors or commodities: cigarettes, alcohol, fast food, television, speeding, fighting, candy, soda, and foods containing high fructose corn syrup, food colorings, sugar substitutes, and carcinogenic ingredients. Are there any other unhealthy behaviors or commodities that you would add to the list?

Thanks!
Scott
Yes, and it should begin with taxing congress for the unhealthy behavior of lying and corruption. Add this to a tax on hot air emmissions from all the BS congress produces, the tax would become so high that America would gradually become debt free.
Man would like to be an egoist and cannot. This is the most striking characteristic of his wretchedness and the source of his greatness." Simone Weil....Gravity and Grace
User avatar
Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
The admin formerly known as Scott
Posts: 5765
Joined: January 20th, 2007, 6:24 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
Contact:

Re: Lower Health Care Costs by Taxing Unhealthy Behaviors

Post by Eckhart Aurelius Hughes »

Nick_A wrote:Yes, and it should begin with taxing congress for the unhealthy behavior of lying and corruption. Add this to a tax on hot air emmissions from all the BS congress produces, the tax would become so high that America would gradually become debt free.
:lol: That's funny, Nick. And I agree Congress is filled with corrupt liars who produce more BS than a portapotty.

But, seriously, what do you think of increasing the taxes or fines on unhealthy behaviors like eating cigarettes, doing recreational drugs and eating candy?
My entire political philosophy summed up in one tweet.

"The mind is a wonderful servant but a terrible master."

I believe spiritual freedom (a.k.a. self-discipline) manifests as bravery, confidence, grace, honesty, love, and inner peace.
Nick_A
Posts: 3364
Joined: April 19th, 2009, 11:45 pm

Re: Lower Health Care Costs by Taxing Unhealthy Behaviors

Post by Nick_A »

Scott wrote:
Nick_A wrote:Yes, and it should begin with taxing congress for the unhealthy behavior of lying and corruption. Add this to a tax on hot air emmissions from all the BS congress produces, the tax would become so high that America would gradually become debt free.
:lol: That's funny, Nick. And I agree Congress is filled with corrupt liars who produce more BS than a portapotty.

But, seriously, what do you think of increasing the taxes or fines on unhealthy behaviors like eating cigarettes, doing recreational drugs and eating candy?
I really think this is a direct avenue into Big Brother's domination. I believe in personal responsibility. I also believe that it should be motivated not by secular government but by relgious affiliations.

The trouble is that secularism is doing a good job of killing spiritual significance leaving the job to the state.

For example if people "understood," in the real meaning of the word, why the body is the temple of the Holy Spirit, then we wouldn't have the problem we do. We no longer understand so pump anything possible into our systems to fill a psychological void. All the government can do is to increase governmental dependence in the attempt to compensate for our loss of understanding which must lead IMO to an eventual breakdown and loss of a free society.
Man would like to be an egoist and cannot. This is the most striking characteristic of his wretchedness and the source of his greatness." Simone Weil....Gravity and Grace
User avatar
Juice
Posts: 1996
Joined: May 8th, 2009, 10:24 pm

Post by Juice »

Taxes are just a means by which the government controls the lives of the individual. Any tax, sintax, is just another means to that end.

A more pragmatic evaluation is to examine the futility if such taxes which would just be a percentage or flat rate for those subjective "sins". Granted people who engage in unhealthy activity are at greater risk for health problems but they also have shorter lives. Healthy people or people who subjectively and supposedly live healthier lives live longer. The longer one lives the more health care he needs.

This is a created fallacy by which part of the social justice system operates. Wealthy individuals will have no difficulty paying for their "sins" while less wealthy people will have more of their income effected by such taxations. In the end who benefits? Just a government who will then cut care to those who follow the "rules" and have the temerity to live longer. Extensions in retirement age which will only affect the middle class. What next "health police"? Brown shirts invading a persons home looking for contraband, purchase checks at stores who inform the government of your activities. The creation of criminal enterprises, smoking speakeasies. Do we tax people who engage in risky sexual behaviors, let's tax abortions, homosexuals, people who contract AIDS, hospital employees, heavy machine operators, mountain climbers, new drug testers. Where does it end and who decides whose at risk, I ride my bicycle without a helmet!!
When everyone looks to better their own future then the future will be better for everyone.

An explanation of cause is not a justification by reason.
C. S. Lewis

Fight the illusion!
User avatar
whitetrshsoldier
Premium Member
Posts: 1773
Joined: March 11th, 2009, 1:19 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Frederic Bastiat
Location: San Diego, CA

Re: Lower Health Care Costs by Taxing Unhealthy Behaviors

Post by whitetrshsoldier »

Scott wrote:In my recent philosophy of politics article, Ways to Lowering Health Care Costs, I explained my top 5 suggestions. Please use this thread to specifically discuss the first suggestion about taxing unhealthy behaviors.

Do you agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would lower health care costs? Do you agree it would reduce the amount people engage in these behaviors?

In the article, I suggest taxing the following list of unhealthy behaviors or commodities: cigarettes, alcohol, fast food, television, speeding, fighting, candy, soda, and foods containing high fructose corn syrup, food colorings, sugar substitutes, and carcinogenic ingredients. Are there any other unhealthy behaviors or commodities that you would add to the list?

Thanks!
Scott
How about we just allow insurance companies to continue charging [rates/premiums] according to "life choices" like they already do. How is permitting government this privelege any LESS evil than allowing private companies the same right?

Of course you have to charge people for the risk they pose. If you do not, they will bankrupt the system. But "TAXING" them just means that the money goes to an inept handler of business [government] instead of a competitive entity!

Are you people serious?
"I'm sorry if I hurt your feelings! I'm obviously just insecure with the ineptitudes of my logic and rational faculties. Forgive me - I'm a "lost soul", blinded by my "ignorant belief" that there's such a thing as reality and truth in the world"
User avatar
Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
The admin formerly known as Scott
Posts: 5765
Joined: January 20th, 2007, 6:24 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
Contact:

Post by Eckhart Aurelius Hughes »

Okay, so many of you oppose the idea. Though I know taxes on things like cigarettes are some of the most popular taxes, so you who oppose it are in the minority.

Regardless, do you at least agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would reduce health care costs by discouraging people from engaging in these activities (like smoking cigarettes)?

As for it being "a direct avenue into Big Brother's domination," would you all agree that it is less of an avenue to Big Brother's domination to pay for the massive amounts that the government already spends on health care with the taxes of people who engage in unhealthy behaviors rather than with income taxes? Would you say that it is fairer and less authoritarian to pay for government spending on health care with taxes on unhealthy habits (such as smoking cigarettes) as opposed to income taxes?

Indeed, some would say they wish the government didn't spend anything on health care, even if that would lead to higher costs overall. But that's a separate issue, one I'd love to debate in another thread.
My entire political philosophy summed up in one tweet.

"The mind is a wonderful servant but a terrible master."

I believe spiritual freedom (a.k.a. self-discipline) manifests as bravery, confidence, grace, honesty, love, and inner peace.
Nick_A
Posts: 3364
Joined: April 19th, 2009, 11:45 pm

Post by Nick_A »

Scott wrote:Okay, so many of you oppose the idea. Though I know taxes on things like cigarettes are some of the most popular taxes, so you who oppose it are in the minority.

Regardless, do you at least agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would reduce health care costs by discouraging people from engaging in these activities (like smoking cigarettes)?

As for it being "a direct avenue into Big Brother's domination," would you all agree that it is less of an avenue to Big Brother's domination to pay for the massive amounts that the government already spends on health care with the taxes of people who engage in unhealthy behaviors rather than with income taxes? Would you say that it is fairer and less authoritarian to pay for government spending on health care with taxes on unhealthy habits (such as smoking cigarettes) as opposed to income taxes?

Indeed, some would say they wish the government didn't spend anything on health care, even if that would lead to higher costs overall. But that's a separate issue, one I'd love to debate in another thread.
What is an unhealthy behavior? I would suggest that virtually anything in moderation is fine while virtually anything to excess is harmful.

Use alcohol as an example. In moderation it is not only helpful but increases the power to wish. This is the ancient basis of a toast.

Because alcohol to excess is harmful, you are suggesting a sin tax. The trouble is that alcohol in moderation is healthy.

How would you define harmful behavior that should be taxed as opposed to the normal joys of life that should be encouraged?
Man would like to be an egoist and cannot. This is the most striking characteristic of his wretchedness and the source of his greatness." Simone Weil....Gravity and Grace
User avatar
Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
The admin formerly known as Scott
Posts: 5765
Joined: January 20th, 2007, 6:24 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
Contact:

Post by Eckhart Aurelius Hughes »

Nick_A wrote:How would you define harmful behavior that should be taxed as opposed to the normal joys of life that should be encouraged?
I would define unhealthy behavior as activities that can be statistically shown to increase the average cost of providing health care to one who engages in it. I think things like smoking cigarettes, eating McDonald's food, drinking coca-cola and speeding clearly fall into this category. (Incidentally, I try not to say things should be done or should not be done because I think such moral terms are unclear.)

Maybe smoking a cigarette once every month and having one glass of wine with dinner at night alone will not be significantly unhealthy. Surely the tax on one cigarette or one glass of wine is similarly negligible to almost everyone. Anyone who notices the few pennies in extra tax they are paying on a single cigarette would probably enjoy the reminder of the health danger it poses. If it is that much of a concern, then the government could offer a tax rebate to people who only drink one glass of wine a night for the pennies they paid, but I don't think such a complicated law would be worth the ink it takes to put it on paper, and I think most infrequent wine drinkers would agree. Either way, it would be fairer than paying for health care with income taxes, right?

Anyway, Nick_A, I apologize for asking the same question, but do you at least agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would reduce health care costs by discouraging people from engaging in these activities (like smoking cigarettes)? Specifically, do you think creating or increasing a tax on cigarettes would decrease health care costs? A tax on alcohol? A fine on speeding? A tax on fast food? A tax on soda? A fine on not wearing a seat-belt? Regardless of whether or not you would support the tax or fine, on what do you think we could create or increase the tax or fine to lower health care costs?
My entire political philosophy summed up in one tweet.

"The mind is a wonderful servant but a terrible master."

I believe spiritual freedom (a.k.a. self-discipline) manifests as bravery, confidence, grace, honesty, love, and inner peace.
User avatar
whitetrshsoldier
Premium Member
Posts: 1773
Joined: March 11th, 2009, 1:19 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Frederic Bastiat
Location: San Diego, CA

Post by whitetrshsoldier »

Scott wrote:Okay, so many of you oppose the idea. Though I know taxes on things like cigarettes are some of the most popular taxes, so you who oppose it are in the minority.

Regardless, do you at least agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would reduce health care costs by discouraging people from engaging in these activities (like smoking cigarettes)?

As for it being "a direct avenue into Big Brother's domination," would you all agree that it is less of an avenue to Big Brother's domination to pay for the massive amounts that the government already spends on health care with the taxes of people who engage in unhealthy behaviors rather than with income taxes? Would you say that it is fairer and less authoritarian to pay for government spending on health care with taxes on unhealthy habits (such as smoking cigarettes) as opposed to income taxes?

Indeed, some would say they wish the government didn't spend anything on health care, even if that would lead to higher costs overall. But that's a separate issue, one I'd love to debate in another thread.
Just thought I'd mention, that so-called criminalization, even in the miniature sense [taxation] of almost all substances/past-times, has led to the underground criminal enterprise of many different things.

Consider the alcohol of the past, the Marijuana of the present [er ... nevermind ... it's "legal" now, in case you hadn't heard from A.G. Eric Holder (even as he was busy busting Mexican drug cartels) and "mr." Obama lately], cigarettes [smuggled into places like New York where they often cost more than $10/pack], gambling, etc.

If people did not attempt to regulate these things to such ridiculous degrees, they might have prevented the gangs and mobs who arose to commit the murders, "wars", and other civil clashes that occured solely because of their 'criminalization'.

As to Scott's point of their taxation necessarily decreasing health-care costs; I'm sure it would. So would outright outlawing them. I'm sure if we outlawed cars and all other means of public transportation, people would walk more, too. If we made fast-food illegal people would be more healthy. If we criminalized television people might be more mentally/socially/emotionally "well", also.

Remember, "Cubans" are more healthy than we are. They also don't have what we have. I'll take my Pepperoni and Mushroom Pizza, a 6-pack of Pale-Ale, a flat-screen T.V. in every room, a Computer to type on whenever I'd like, and a comfy couch to sit on ANY DAY!!!

So a question for you, Scott. Do you at least agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would effectively deprive [to at least a financial extent] people of their constitutionally guaranteed right to "pursue happiness" as they saw fit? Because I can sure tell you that it strips me of my ability to pursue mine!
Last edited by whitetrshsoldier on October 23rd, 2009, 1:37 pm, edited 1 time in total.
"I'm sorry if I hurt your feelings! I'm obviously just insecure with the ineptitudes of my logic and rational faculties. Forgive me - I'm a "lost soul", blinded by my "ignorant belief" that there's such a thing as reality and truth in the world"
Nick_A
Posts: 3364
Joined: April 19th, 2009, 11:45 pm

Post by Nick_A »

Scott
Anyway, Nick_A, I apologize for asking the same question, but do you at least agree that taxing unhealthy behaviors would reduce health care costs by discouraging people from engaging in these activities (like smoking cigarettes)? Specifically, do you think creating or increasing a tax on cigarettes would decrease health care costs? A tax on alcohol? A fine on speeding? A tax on fast food? A tax on soda? A fine on not wearing a seat-belt? Regardless of whether or not you would support the tax or fine, on what do you think we could create or increase the tax or fine to lower health care costs?
I don't think it would lower health care costs since it would serve to create worsening attitudes that will lead to more unhealthy behavior and potential higher costs. The question then is if you want a strong dictatorial government to further force its desired behavior?

It is only the religious influences that can sustain a healthy psychological attitude that keeps government at bay. This is why it is imperative for the Obama administration to destroy the value of marriage and the nuclear family. The greater the destruction, the more problems that invite the government to establish further control.

Why do you think the new reulatory czar seeks to abolish marriage? Doing so increases the opportunity for further controls?

http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=113802
The U.S. government should abolish its sanctioning of marriage, argued Cass Sunstein, President Obama's regulatory czar.

Sunstein proposed that the concept of marriage should become privatized, with the state only granting civil union contracts to couples wishing to enter into an agreement.

Sunstein explained marriage licensing is unnecessary, pointing out people stay committed to organizations like country clubs and homeowner associations without any government interference.

"Under our proposal, the word marriage would no longer appear in any laws, and marriage licenses would no longer be offered or recognized by any level of government," wrote Sunstein and co-author Richard Thaler in their 2008 book, "Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth and happiness
Do you really believe this would improve decisions about health, wealth and happiness? It cannot and IMO only causes more harm. Health care costs will increase inviting further governmental controls furthering the agenda of control.

It is true that when people are healthier, costs go down. The trouble is admitting what would invite America to become collectively healthier. Do you believe it is through governmental dictates or once again becoming open to the importance of obligations that the religious influence allows us to feel as opposed to the current obsession with rights normal for secular dominance? Part of our personal obligation concerns respecting our bodies. Substituting for this respect through taxation just furthers disrespect and all the problems associated with it.
Man would like to be an egoist and cannot. This is the most striking characteristic of his wretchedness and the source of his greatness." Simone Weil....Gravity and Grace
User avatar
whitetrshsoldier
Premium Member
Posts: 1773
Joined: March 11th, 2009, 1:19 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Frederic Bastiat
Location: San Diego, CA

Post by whitetrshsoldier »

Nick,

What's all this crap about man needing religion to be healthy? I've always worked out 5x/week, eat right, and seldom engage in risky behavior [I'm pro-sexual conservatism, i.e. monogamy, but I consider a personal decision and not a mandatory one that has been FORCED upon me].

Man does not need religion to be healthy. He only needs a rational mind.
"I'm sorry if I hurt your feelings! I'm obviously just insecure with the ineptitudes of my logic and rational faculties. Forgive me - I'm a "lost soul", blinded by my "ignorant belief" that there's such a thing as reality and truth in the world"
Nick_A
Posts: 3364
Joined: April 19th, 2009, 11:45 pm

Post by Nick_A »

whitetrshsoldier wrote:Nick,

What's all this crap about man needing religion to be healthy? I've always worked out 5x/week, eat right, and seldom engage in risky behavior [I'm pro-sexual conservatism, i.e. monogamy, but I consider a personal decision and not a mandatory one that has been FORCED upon me].

Man does not need religion to be healthy. He only needs a rational mind.
A rational mind can see the good sense in maintaining a healthy body. However how many of our actions are based on rational thinking? The force for doing things comes from our emotions. The essence of religion admits the corruption of our "feelings." The mind by itself has no force. Help for the heart doesn't come from rational thinking but from becoming open to a higher quality of "feeling." This help for our emotional intelligence which can add an additional perspective with critical thinking allowing them to compliment each other, comes from the essence of religion.
Man would like to be an egoist and cannot. This is the most striking characteristic of his wretchedness and the source of his greatness." Simone Weil....Gravity and Grace
User avatar
whitetrshsoldier
Premium Member
Posts: 1773
Joined: March 11th, 2009, 1:19 pm
Favorite Philosopher: Frederic Bastiat
Location: San Diego, CA

Post by whitetrshsoldier »

I don't know about you, Nick, but I can say that I endeavor to ensure that ALL of my actions follow reason. If they don't, I don't consider them worth acting on.

*** NOTE ***

I'm including my personal faith under this requirement.
"I'm sorry if I hurt your feelings! I'm obviously just insecure with the ineptitudes of my logic and rational faculties. Forgive me - I'm a "lost soul", blinded by my "ignorant belief" that there's such a thing as reality and truth in the world"
Post Reply

Return to “Philosophy of Politics”

2023/2024 Philosophy Books of the Month

Entanglement - Quantum and Otherwise

Entanglement - Quantum and Otherwise
by John K Danenbarger
January 2023

Mark Victor Hansen, Relentless: Wisdom Behind the Incomparable Chicken Soup for the Soul

Mark Victor Hansen, Relentless: Wisdom Behind the Incomparable Chicken Soup for the Soul
by Mitzi Perdue
February 2023

Rediscovering the Wisdom of Human Nature: How Civilization Destroys Happiness

Rediscovering the Wisdom of Human Nature: How Civilization Destroys Happiness
by Chet Shupe
March 2023

The Unfakeable Code®

The Unfakeable Code®
by Tony Jeton Selimi
April 2023

The Book: On the Taboo Against Knowing Who You Are

The Book: On the Taboo Against Knowing Who You Are
by Alan Watts
May 2023

Killing Abel

Killing Abel
by Michael Tieman
June 2023

Reconfigurement: Reconfiguring Your Life at Any Stage and Planning Ahead

Reconfigurement: Reconfiguring Your Life at Any Stage and Planning Ahead
by E. Alan Fleischauer
July 2023

First Survivor: The Impossible Childhood Cancer Breakthrough

First Survivor: The Impossible Childhood Cancer Breakthrough
by Mark Unger
August 2023

Predictably Irrational

Predictably Irrational
by Dan Ariely
September 2023

Artwords

Artwords
by Beatriz M. Robles
November 2023

Fireproof Happiness: Extinguishing Anxiety & Igniting Hope

Fireproof Happiness: Extinguishing Anxiety & Igniting Hope
by Dr. Randy Ross
December 2023

Beyond the Golden Door: Seeing the American Dream Through an Immigrant's Eyes

Beyond the Golden Door: Seeing the American Dream Through an Immigrant's Eyes
by Ali Master
February 2024

2022 Philosophy Books of the Month

Emotional Intelligence At Work

Emotional Intelligence At Work
by Richard M Contino & Penelope J Holt
January 2022

Free Will, Do You Have It?

Free Will, Do You Have It?
by Albertus Kral
February 2022

My Enemy in Vietnam

My Enemy in Vietnam
by Billy Springer
March 2022

2X2 on the Ark

2X2 on the Ark
by Mary J Giuffra, PhD
April 2022

The Maestro Monologue

The Maestro Monologue
by Rob White
May 2022

What Makes America Great

What Makes America Great
by Bob Dowell
June 2022

The Truth Is Beyond Belief!

The Truth Is Beyond Belief!
by Jerry Durr
July 2022

Living in Color

Living in Color
by Mike Murphy
August 2022 (tentative)

The Not So Great American Novel

The Not So Great American Novel
by James E Doucette
September 2022

Mary Jane Whiteley Coggeshall, Hicksite Quaker, Iowa/National Suffragette And Her Speeches

Mary Jane Whiteley Coggeshall, Hicksite Quaker, Iowa/National Suffragette And Her Speeches
by John N. (Jake) Ferris
October 2022

In It Together: The Beautiful Struggle Uniting Us All

In It Together: The Beautiful Struggle Uniting Us All
by Eckhart Aurelius Hughes
November 2022

The Smartest Person in the Room: The Root Cause and New Solution for Cybersecurity

The Smartest Person in the Room
by Christian Espinosa
December 2022

2021 Philosophy Books of the Month

The Biblical Clock: The Untold Secrets Linking the Universe and Humanity with God's Plan

The Biblical Clock
by Daniel Friedmann
March 2021

Wilderness Cry: A Scientific and Philosophical Approach to Understanding God and the Universe

Wilderness Cry
by Dr. Hilary L Hunt M.D.
April 2021

Fear Not, Dream Big, & Execute: Tools To Spark Your Dream And Ignite Your Follow-Through

Fear Not, Dream Big, & Execute
by Jeff Meyer
May 2021

Surviving the Business of Healthcare: Knowledge is Power

Surviving the Business of Healthcare
by Barbara Galutia Regis M.S. PA-C
June 2021

Winning the War on Cancer: The Epic Journey Towards a Natural Cure

Winning the War on Cancer
by Sylvie Beljanski
July 2021

Defining Moments of a Free Man from a Black Stream

Defining Moments of a Free Man from a Black Stream
by Dr Frank L Douglas
August 2021

If Life Stinks, Get Your Head Outta Your Buts

If Life Stinks, Get Your Head Outta Your Buts
by Mark L. Wdowiak
September 2021

The Preppers Medical Handbook

The Preppers Medical Handbook
by Dr. William W Forgey M.D.
October 2021

Natural Relief for Anxiety and Stress: A Practical Guide

Natural Relief for Anxiety and Stress
by Dr. Gustavo Kinrys, MD
November 2021

Dream For Peace: An Ambassador Memoir

Dream For Peace
by Dr. Ghoulem Berrah
December 2021