Evidence, Argument and Experience: How Does This Work in Philosophy?

[EricPH]

Starting from single cell life, how did any species first evolve with around 500 muscles, 200 bones, 500 ligaments and 1000 tendons?

One step at a time. Not forgetting that each intermediate 'stage' must be viable, able to survive and to reproduce.

The problem with evolution is when we look at life today, then try and extrapolate back a few billion years to single cell life. How were all the complexities of life added without any help from God?

Describe an evolutionary path where two bones can join together and add movement. If a ligament is not joined to both bones, it serves no function, so natural selection would reject it. If muscles and tendons are not attached at both ends, they serve no purpose, and would be rejected by natural selection. If the two bones are just flopping around and don't add to mobility, natural selection would reject them. You need one set of muscles and tendons to move bones in one direction, you need an opposing set to move them back again. The brain and nervous system would also have to evolve to direct movement. If any of these are missing there will be no intentional movement and give no advantage. On the contrary, natural selection might reject these things like an unwanted tumour.

There are many species with at least 500 muscles, 200 bones, 500 ligaments and 1000 tendons. Bones ligaments, muscles and tendons would need thousands of generations to evolve, natural selection would have thousands of opportunities to reject them every time they serve no purpose. They would only serve a purpose if they can become dominant in a population.
However life came to be, or however life may have evolved; I just see it as an impossibility without God directing it.