WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

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WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by dattaswami »

WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Today, the logical analysis is not only sharp but also steady due to experimental verification of every concept. The receiving nature of the people is quite stable due to the scientific analysis. People are not fast in applying the theoretical tautology to arrive at hasty conclusions.

In view of the stability of the phase of intelligence, the projection of the real unimaginable nature of God will not face the danger of non-existence. The scientist may not believe any miracle and may say that nothing is unimaginable. But the scientist must accept the unimaginable boundary of the universe.
The scientist may argue like this:- “When the universe is imaginable made of imaginable cosmic energy as the fundamental cause, how can you say that the boundary of the universe is unimaginable? Just like the ocean is water, the boundary of the ocean must be also be the same water. Hence, the boundary of the imaginable universe must be also imaginable”.

This type of argument is not acceptable if you analyze the subtle point of the boundary. When you reach the edge of the ocean and stand on it, you must find water on one side and the land, which is not water on the other side. The knowledge of both water and land is necessary to fix the boundary of the ocean. Land is not water.

If land is also water, then the boundary of the ocean is not achieved. Similarly, when you reach the boundary of the imaginable universe, you must perceive the imaginable nature of the universe on one side and the unimaginable nature on the other side. If the unimaginable nature is also imaginable, then the boundary of imaginable nature is not achieved.

When the unimaginable nature cannot be imagined by your intelligence, it means you have never reached the boundary of the imaginable universe. Unless you perceive both imaginable and unimaginable natures, the boundary of the imaginable nature is not achieved. Hence the boundary of the universe is always unimaginable from the other side. Some scientists say that the diameter of the universe is 200 billion light years.

Another scientist laughed at this by asking that if he travels all this diameter and reach the compound wall of universe, what is present beyond such compound wall? One scientist says that the universe is constantly expanding! This is again a laughable concept since it finally means that you can never achieve the boundary of the universe.

Hence, by all means the scientist has to accept the existence of the unimaginable entity, which is the other side of the boundary of the universe. It is not the boundary if the other side is not achieved. The scientist has stable and steady intelligence to realize the truth in this argument unlike a theoretical ancient tautologist. The unimaginable item, which is beyond the boundary of this imaginable universe is called as God.
When this universe is projected from God, you will touch God on reaching the edge of the universe. You can never touch God since He is unimaginable. It means that you can never reach the boundary of this universe.

Today this fundamental concept is revealed due to confidence on the stable and steady analytical faculty of real scientists. Ofcourse, foolish conservative scientists also exist even today in small number and this is inevitable at any time. Moreover, today there is lot of demand for the revelation of this basic concept in view of the violent terrorism that arose from the differences between the religions.

Even the scientific theory like constant expansion of universe tells us that the space is not inherently infinite, but, becomes relatively infinite as your mind travels through it to touch its boundary.

This means that the space is not really infinite by itself, but, relatively infinite and expands continuously before your mind reaches its boundary. The conclusion is that the boundary of the space can never be touched by your mind since the space continuously expands before your mind reaches the boundary.

The constant expansion of space indicates the main point that boundary of space, which is the unimaginable God, can never be reached by your mind (Apraapya Manasaa saha– Veda, Naantosti – Gita). This is the absolute point and the relative point is that the space is constantly expanding ahead [of] your mind. You must establish the spiritual knowledge on this basic foundation, which is that the absolute God is unimaginable. All the other concepts should be built like castles on this strong foundation.

Take the case of a stream of smoke coming from the fire. If you travel in the smoke, after some time, you can touch the fire. The stream of the smoke is finite because on reaching the boundary of the smoke, you can touch the imaginable fire.

On contrary, you cannot reach the boundary of smoke (space) if the fire (God) is unimaginable. Hence, the finite or infinity of the space depends on the imaginable or unimaginable nature of God respectively. The infinity of space is not its characteristic, but, is due to the unimaginable nature of its generator, the God.

The constant expansion of the universe also speaks the same. As you travel along the universe, it expands so that you cannot reach its boundary and touch the unimaginable God. By this, the constant expansion is again relatively justified i.e., with respect to the unimaginable God.

The constant expansion is not the absolute phenomenon of the universe, but, it is a relative phenomenon since the aim of the expansion is only to see that you should not touch the boundary of universe or God.

The space cannot exist in God since the product(space) cannot exist in its cause(God) before its generation. If the space exists in God even before its generation, it means the generation of space becomes meaningless. Anything is said to be generated, if it is absent before its generation. This means that the space and hence, the spatial dimensions do not exist in God and hence can never be imagined. The unimaginable nature is, thus, justified.

The unimaginable God proves Himself by performing unimaginable events called miracles. You cannot discard a genuine miracle as magic. Even if you discard miracles, the infinite space with unimaginable boundary stands as the solid proof for the concept of existence of unimaginable nature indicating the existence of unimaginable God.

The bending of space along the boundary of object proves that space is something (subtle energy) and not nothing. Hence, generation of space becomes a logical concept since something can be only generated and nothing cannot be generated.


1)You cannot bring finite and infinite to the unimaginable domain (God). The reason is that you cannot make distinction between two unimaginable items since any number of unimaginable items become only one unimaginable item. Since you can distinguish infinite (universe) from finite (a tree), both these infinite and finite items remain only in the imaginable domain (creation).

2) In the imaginable domain (creation), there can’t be absolutely infinite because absolutely infinite means infinite to all references (both to God Krishna and to any human being like Arjuna). This universe is infinite to any human being (like Arjuna), but, finite to God (Krishna) since God Krishna said that God is around the universe (Sarvamaavrutya tishthati…). Hence, this universe is finite to God Krishna and simultaneously infinite to Arjuna thereby standing as relatively infinite.

This means that the infinite in imaginable domain always means relatively infinite only and never absolutely infinite. When God Krishna said that this universe is infinite, it (Nantostimama…) means infinite from the angle of Arjuna in the words of God. If you take the angle of God here also, both the verses contradict each other since in one place it is said that God is around universe and in another place it is said that universe is infinite for the angle of God also. Hence, the first verse is from the angle of God and the second verse is from the angle of Arjuna.

On this point if you make further deep analysis, you can easily understand that relatively infinite means not only finite to God but also finite to the theoretical assumption of human being and simultaneously infinite to the experimental calculation of human being. It means that you can assume the diameter of universe as having certain fixed real value, which is represented as X, but experimentally indeterminable for you. This is what exactly the uncertainty principle says in science. Simultaneous determination of velocity and position of electron is experimentally impossible and this does not mean both the values do not really exist. Since both values really exist, you can represent them by X and Y.

X and Y mean only that both are experimentally indeterminable values, but really existing values, which can be calculated by God or representable as X and Y in the theoretical assumption of human beings. Similarly, the diameter of the universe is really existing (representable in theoretical assumption by some letter like X or Y or Z) and really calculatable by God though is experimentally uncalculatable by human beings.

In such case, following two steps are true and really existing though not calculatable by us experimentally. The two steps are:- i) uncalculatable diameter of relatively infinite universe + some calculatable length is always greater than uncalculatable diameter of relatively infinite universe. ii) Uncalculatable diameter of relatively infinite universe – some calculatable length is always lesser than uncalculatable diameter of relatively infinite universe.

Except the value of ‘some calculatable length’ (known to us), no human being can calculate values for the other items in the above two steps. This does not mean that the values of other items do not really exist and mean only that they really exist but experimentally uncalculatable to the human beings. Science is in two phases: theoretical (Physics) and experimental (Physics). The above uncalculatable values exist as uncalculatable in experimental part only. In theoretical assumption part these values exist (already calculated by God) as unknown to us.

3)The experimentally uncalculatable (and really existing in the theoretical assumption) values of items mentioned in the above para 2, can’t even exist really in theoretical assumption also, if you replace the word ‘infinite’ by the word ‘unimaginable’ (in fact, the word infinite can’t exist in the unimaginable domain as said in para 1).

The above two steps in the unimaginable domain will be in the following way. i) Unimaginable X+ unimaginable Y = unimaginable X or Y. ii) Unimaginable X – unimaginable Y = unimaginable X or Y. The values of all the unimaginable items are uncalculatable both by experiment and theoretical assumption of their existence is also not possible since any number of unimaginable added, subtracted, divided and multiply result in one unimaginable only.

4)Therefore, the Vedic verse says that something (X) – same something (X) = same something (X). This something (X) stands for the word ‘Purnam’. This is possible only if X is unimaginable. In the imaginable domain, where only infinite exists (as relative infinite only), even if you take the infinite (in reality finite to God as well as to theoretical assumption of human beings) represented by X gives the following step only:- X-X = 0.
Addition is also similar. In the case of relative infinite (please note that absolute infinite never exists) of imaginable domain X+X = 2X. Same addition in unimaginable domain is X+X = X. similarly division and multiplication. Therefore, one should not mistake that infinite is unimaginable (because distinguishable infinite from finite can never exist in unimaginable domain) and apply the unimaginable addition, subtraction etc., (X+X = X or X-X=X) to infinite (which is always relative existing in the imaginable domain only).

5)You should not apply these steps of unimaginable domain (X+X=X and X-X=X) to the infinite of imaginable domain (not absolute infinite, but, only relatively infinite) confusing with law of conservation of energy, which means that the part of energy (other part is matter) of universe remains constant if some energy is converted in to some matter and same amount of matter is converted back in to equivalent amount of energy disappeared. Here also, energy, a part of relatively infinite universe may be experimentally indeterminable infinite, but, exists with a real value in theoretical assumption. The energy, being a part of infinite universe, also becomes infinite in this imaginable domain, but, its value is real represented in assumption by a letter as in the case of the whole universe.

The step in the law of conservation of energy is:- X (total energy)-Y(some energy converted to matter) = X-Y (remaining energy). (X-Y)+Y (same amount of energy resulting by conversion of matter in to energy) = X and hence X is always constant. In the unimaginable domain also, the result is constant (unimaginable+ unimaginable=unimaginable, which is constant since any number of unimaginables result as one unimaginable only). Due to this similarity in result, you may confuse that law of conservation of energy is also like unimaginable domain and the reason you may think may be that the energy-part is infinite just like the whole-universe. This leads to generalization that infinite and unimaginable are one and the same. Such confusion makes you to think that something added to infinite is constant as in the case of unimaginable.

In the case of law of conservation of energy, the value of energy is maintained constant due to the internal mechanism of balance between a quantum of energy lost (by becoming some matter) and the same quantum of energy gained (same ‘some matter’ becomes equivalent energy). In the case of infinite universe, something added to it increases the quantity of universe (which is uncalculatable by experiment but exists really that can be represented in assumption as X).

6) When you do a problem, there is a norm to represent the unknown quantity by X. Here X means that the quantity has definite value, which is unknown to you in this time. The X represented above is also unknown to you, but it is unknown in all the times. In the problem, you say that 1/10 portion of X is 10. This step determined by you helps you to calculate X as 100.

Unless you know the value of X as 100 in the beginning itself, you cannot say that 1/10 of X is 10. Hence, the problem deals with the quantities, which are calculatable only. In the above concept the X is always unknown to us, which is the diameter of the universe. When the diameter is unknown, the centre of the universe is also undeterminable and then the radius is uncalculatable. Even though some scientists say that the diameter of the universe is 200 billion light years, it is not acceptable because the edge of the universe is never reached practically by anybody or even by instruments. The journey of human being or even its imagination up to the boundary of the universe is impossible (in spite the imaginable boundary of the universe is ending at some point since the universe is not absolutely infinite but relatively infinite, which means that it is finite to God and infinite to human being thereby resulting that the diameter is calculated by God already). The value of the diameter (of the finite universe in reality) is certainly finite having certain value that is uncalculatable to us and hence you can say that the value of the diameter is X billion light years. X has certainly a value known to God and our theoretical assumption also says that some unknown number exists for X. X is not real absolute infinite (only relative infinite meaning that the value of diameter exists, which is unknown to us due to inability in calculation).

The diameter of universe is not infinite by itself but due to presence of God at the boundary

Most important is that the diameter of the universe is having certain solid value, but, it is so long that we can’t reach it. This doesn’t mean that the length is real infinite. It is really finite but appears as infinite to us because of our inability to reach the boundary even by imagination. You are imagining the material of the boundary but, unable to imagine the point where the boundary ends. When infinity is not inherent characteristic of the diameter of the universe, what is the problem for us to reach it just by imagination at least? The actual reason is not due to infinity of the diameter, but, due to unimaginable nature of the God existing adjacent to the boundary of the universe. You can never touch the unimaginable God even by imagination. When you are reaching the boundary of the earth, you are naturally touching the sea water that starts from the boundary of the earth. Since Sea water is also imaginable like the earth, you can reach the boundary of the earth touching the sea water. In the place of earth let this universe stand. In the place of sea water let the unimaginable domain stand surrounding the universe. Since God is unimaginable, He is untouchable even by the imagination of human being.

If you reach the boundary of universe, naturally you will touch (imagine) the unimaginable God. Since this (imagining the unimaginable) is impossible, you should never reach the boundary of this universe. Hence, infinity of the diameter of the universe is relative with respect to adjacent unimaginable God and not absolute infinity of the diameter. Since scientists do not believe the unimaginable God surrounding the universe, they naturally concluded that the universe is really absolute infinite because if the diameter is really finite, will there be a compound wall at the boundary saying that the space (universe) ends here? Then, in such case, what is present after the boundary wall? Unable to find out that after the compound wall, they simply extended the diameter infinitely. The core and boundary of the universe are imaginable. Naturally, after the imaginable boundary, the boundary of the next item having different nature must start. Otherwise, you can’t say that the boundary ends. When the solid earth ends at its boundary, the boundary of different material, which is liquid (water of sea) starts.

Then only you can say that the solid earth ended at this junction point. In absence of such junction point, you have to naturally extend the solid earth infinitely. This view of scientists saying that universe is infinite looks like a theory having no end as answer. Instead of such inability to express the end, it is better to accept the existence of a domain of different nature, which is unimaginable (unimaginable is different from imaginable in nature) after the finite boundary of the universe and thus answer of end is given. You need not get a doubt that where the unimaginable ends. Unimaginable is beyond space without spatial dimensions and hence no concept of diameter in it. The beginning point of unimaginable domain is not reached by us even by imagination, which itself is the adjacent point of the end of boundary of universe. Hence, both beginning and end of unimaginable domain are beyond imagination including its core, the unimaginable nature itself is the unimaginable substance (since two unimaginable become one unimaginable only). This unimaginable domain is called as the unimaginable God.

The infinite cosmos [universe] itself is a proof of the existence of unimaginable God. ‘Infinite’ means that the boundary of the universe is everlasting. What is the secret of this everlasting boundary? Suppose, let us say that the ocean is infinite. It means that you may travel and travel for any extent of time, you will not reach the bank of the ocean. The bank of the ocean means the land, which is different from the ocean or its water.
The land, which is beyond the water, is never achieved if the ocean is infinite. If the boundary of the ocean is achieved, it means the land, which is separate from water is seen. Similarly, if the boundary of the universe is achieved, it means that the unimaginable God, who is separate from the imaginable universe is achieved. But, the boundary of the universe is never achieved. This means that something, which is beyond the cosmos or the universe, can never be achieved.

What can be beyond the universe? Only the cause or generator of the universe can be beyond the universe. From a huge lump of mud, you have created a small pot using some of the mud. Now, beyond the pot, the rest lot of mud, which is the cause of the pot, exists. If you are unable to cross the boundary of the pot, the cause of the pot, which is lump of mud, is never achieved. You can take this example to certain extent only. In this example, some part of the cause is modified into the pot and the rest of the part of the cause remains. But, in the concept [creation from God], no part of the cause is modified.

The reason for the infinity of the cosmos.

The fundamental unit of the cosmos is space, which is nothing but very subtle energy. The cause or the generator of the space must not contain the space in it. In the case of mud and pot also, the cause may be in the effect but the effect is not in the cause. The mud may be in the pot but the pot is not in the crude lump of mud. Therefore, in the concept [creation from God] also, the space cannot be in its generator. Before the creation of the space, space cannot exsit anywhere and even in its cause. If space exists in the cause, the space is already created before its creation. This is one impossible thing. The other impossible point is that if the space is in the cause, it means that space created space. Therefore, at any cost, space should not exist in its generator. It means that the generator of the space does not have spatial dimensions. The space means spatial dimensions only. Length, width and height are the spatial dimensions and the multiple product of these three is the volume or space.

Your intelligence can never imagine anything, which does not have spatial dimensions. However much your intelligence may be sharp and however much your intelligence may take time, it cannot imagine anything, which does not have volume. Therefore, the generator of this space or cosmos is always unimaginable and exists beyond the cosmos. This is the reason for the everlasting space since its generator, which is the bank or boundary of this cosmos is never achieved by the intelligence. When intelligence itself fails, there is no possibility of the mind or senses to catch that unimaginable boundary of the cosmos, which is the unimaginable God Himself. Except this explanation, no other explanation gives satisfaction to expose the reason for the infinity of the cosmos.

God is not in the cosmos because God does not have spatial dimensions and He cannot exist in the cosmos, which has spatial dimensions. Even if you say that the unimaginable God exists in the cosmos, it is of no use, because such God is never detected even by the sharp intelligence. It is as good as saying that God is not in the cosmos. Therefore, the Veda says that nothing in this cosmos is God, because nothing contains God. If something contains God, you can say it as God. If a wire contains current, you can say such wire as current itself. Since no imaginable item contains unimaginable God, no imaginable item can be called as God (Neti neti… Veda).

Even in the case of human incarnation that contains God, God is still undetectable even by intelligence, even though you call It as God. The Veda (Tvadevanupravishat…) and the Gita (Manusheem tanum…) speak about the special entry of God in human incarnation for the purpose of preaching the spiritual knowledge to human beings with exceptional specific talent in clarifying the doubts. Such special entry cannot be the logical entry of cause into effect during modification like mud in the pot. Such special entry is based on the desire of God and not on the logical principle of entry of worldly cause into wordly effect.

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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by Pattern-chaser »

dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 11:55 am WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?
This is a question about words and their assigned meaning(s). If the "universe" means 'everything there is', then there is nothing beyond it.



As for the rest of your extremely long OP, I'm afraid I didn't read it. Tl;dr. Sorry.
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by heracleitos »

In the context of the universe as a system, we cannot look at universe itself -- it is impossible to obverse in its entirety anyway -- but only at its elusive theory (ToE).

Say that the ToE has a set of construction rules and a language in which these rules are written. All propositions about the universe are written in the same language.

Say, for example, that this language is French. Say that the following proposition is a true statement about the universe: "L'univers est vieux.", translated: The universe is old.

Now we use a second theory, the MToE -- the Meta Theory of Everything -- that has its own rules and its own language, and that is capable of parsing and evaluating the truth about propositions in the ToE. Say that the language of the MToE is English.

So, now we can say things like:

"L'univers est vieux" is true.

We need to leave out visual ideas of time and space in order to be able to reason in this setup. It can only be achieved through pure reason, i.e. symbolically only. This is how the analysis framework of Tarski's convention T works.

In Kant's lingo, you can only make sense of this convention by means of a purely synthetic a priori approach. Any attempt at polluting the reasoning process with a posteriori, sensory notions, will lead to failure.

In other words, purity is strictly mandatory in this realm. The inputs are language only, and so are the outputs. Only pure formalisms are allowed:
Wikipedia on "mathematical formalism" wrote: In the philosophy of mathematics, formalism is the view that holds that statements of mathematics and logic can be considered to be statements about the consequences of the manipulation of strings (alphanumeric sequences of symbols, usually as equations) using established manipulation rules. A central idea of formalism "is that mathematics is not a body of propositions representing an abstract sector of reality, but is much more akin to a game, bringing with it no more commitment to an ontology of objects or properties than ludo or chess."
In other words, if you are not completely blind and deaf, you will not be able to see and hear anything in the context of Tarski's convention T applied to the universe. In that case, you will be completely overwhelmed by noisy pollution.
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by dattaswami »

No one can show me the boundary of universe. If boundary of universe exists then what is beyond that?
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by heracleitos »

dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 10:42 pm No one can show me the boundary of universe.
If you try to use your eyes and your ears, you won't see or hear anything.
In the mirror of the universe, the ToE, its boundaries are represented by symbols.
You can manipulate the symbols.
That is all there is to it.
dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 10:42 pm If boundary of universe exists then what is beyond that?
I can only answer about the natural numbers, i.e. the countable numbers, and not about the universe itself. According to the continuum hypothesis, there is a massive empty gap after the last natural number. If you manage to bridge that gap, you will find the smallest set of uncountable numbers. Then, there is another gap, and the whole thing repeats with a larger set of uncountable numbers. Ad nauseam. It's a never ending story. The universe of true propositions about this multiverse becomes increasingly chaotic, the deeper you explore it, and the larger the transfinite numbers that you reach.
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

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dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 10:42 pm No one can show me the boundary of universe. If boundary of universe exists then what is beyond that?
The boundary of the universe is the line beyond which there is nothing. This must surely follow from the universe being everything that is; everything that exists? As I said in a previous post, this is about the meaning of the word. "Universe" = "Everything". Therefore, 'outside' the universe there is nothing. This isn't so much a scientific claim as an etymological one, that abides by the meaning that we have assigned to the word "universe".
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by heracleitos »

Pattern-chaser wrote: September 30th, 2022, 9:31 am
dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 10:42 pm No one can show me the boundary of universe. If boundary of universe exists then what is beyond that?
The boundary of the universe is the line beyond which there is nothing. This must surely follow from the universe being everything that is; everything that exists? As I said in a previous post, this is about the meaning of the word. "Universe" = "Everything". Therefore, 'outside' the universe there is nothing. This isn't so much a scientific claim as an etymological one, that abides by the meaning that we have assigned to the word "universe".
It does not work like that for the natural numbers.
Victoria Gitman wrote: An easy application of the compactness theorem shows that there are countable nonstandard models of the Peano axioms, or indeed of any collection of true arithmetic statements. Order-wise, these models look like the natural numbers followed by densely many copies of the integers: N followed by Q-many copies of Z (see the slides for explanation).

Image
If the theory of the universe contains a copy of Robinson's fragment Q of arithmetic theory -- which is almost surely the case -- then our universe is a member of a multiverse. Just like the natural numbers, the multiverse will have a large gap in between each member universe. (according to the continuum hypothesis). In that case our universe is merely the standard or intended interpretation of its theory, while there will additionally be numerous nonstandard interpretations (universes).

In other words, our universe may indeed be surrounded by a massive empty gap ("nothing"), but after that gap, a new universe starts.

Furthermore, our universe does not need to be actually infinite -- which it is not -- but only potentially infinite -- which it is, as long as it keeps expanding.
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by LuckyR »

Pattern-chaser wrote: September 29th, 2022, 12:51 pm
dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 11:55 am WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?
This is a question about words and their assigned meaning(s). If the "universe" means 'everything there is', then there is nothing beyond it.



As for the rest of your extremely long OP, I'm afraid I didn't read it. Tl;dr. Sorry.
Good point and even if definitions are agreed upon this subject matter is fully in the unobservable (and thus unverifiable and therefore unknowable) category.
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by dattaswami »

heracleitos wrote: September 30th, 2022, 10:04 am
Pattern-chaser wrote: September 30th, 2022, 9:31 am
dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 10:42 pm No one can show me..........iverse is merely the standard or intended interpretation of its theory, while there will additionally be numerous nonstandard interpretations (universes).

In other words, our universe may indeed be surrounded by a massive empty gap ("nothing"), but after that gap, a new universe starts.

Furthermore, our universe does not need to be actually infinite -- which it is not -- but only potentially infinite -- which it is, as long as it keeps expanding.
If the atheistic scientist says that he will show the boundary of the universe through his research tomorrow, you can also tell him that you too will show the existence of the unimaginable God, heaven and hell, the day after tomorrow!

Space must have a boundary because, if space has no boundary, the boundary of space becomes unknown, even to the omniscient God. Then, God cannot be omniscient due to His ignorance about the boundary of space. Therefore, from the view-point of God, the boundary of space does exist. Beyond that boundary, the unimaginable God alone exists and He is without spatial co-ordinates and hence, without volume. An item without volume cannot be imagined by anybody even after concentrating on it for millions of births and therefore, the God beyond space is unimaginable.

From the view-point of the soul, the existing boundary of the universe can never be reached by the soul because if the soul touches the boundary of space, it touches the unimaginable God existing beyond the boundary of space. Since the unimaginable God can never be touched even by the imagination of the soul, the boundary of the universe or space can never be touched by the soul. If a ship reaches the boundary of the ocean, it means that it has reached the shore or the land, which exists beyond the boundary of the ocean. Hence, the boundary of the infinite space is untouchable in the sense that it can never be reached by the soul.

Assuming that the soul is running to touch the boundary of the universe, the universe appears to continuously expand, so that the soul can never touch the boundary of space. This can be correlated with the scientific concept of the constantly expanding universe. In the Gītā, God Kṛṣṇa has said that His creation is endless, which means that the boundary of His creation can never be touched by the human being or even by the angel (Nā'ntosti mama divyānām…—Gītā). Both the human being and the angel (energetic being) are only souls. God Kṛṣṇa was preaching to Arjuna about the endless creation created by Him (God). So, the universe was said to be endless from the view-point of Arjuna, a human being.
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by heracleitos »

LuckyR wrote: September 30th, 2022, 5:40 pm Good point and even if definitions are agreed upon this subject matter is fully in the unobservable (and thus unverifiable and therefore unknowable) category.
We know quite a bit about the natural numbers even though it is impossible to obverse them all. There is an infinite number of them, potentially or actually, depending on whether you accept the axiom of infinity.

However, it is not because the natural numbers are infinite that there is nothing beyond them.

According to CH (Continuum Hypothesis), there is gap after the natural numbers. Next, there is an entire copy of the real numbers. Next, there is another massive gap. That goes on forever.

If the elusive theory of the universe contains a copy of the relevant fragment of arithmetic theory (Robinson's Q), then the universe has the same structure.

By the way, in a similar fashion, you do not need to observe the entire globe to seriously suspect that it is round. There are in fact numerous, subtle hints that give it away:
7 Ways to Prove the Earth Is Round (Without Launching a Satellite)

The first person to estimate the circumference of the Earth was a Greek mathematician named Eratosthenes, who was born in 276 B.C. He did so by comparing shadows case on the day of the summer solstice ... On a flat Earth, there wouldn't have been any difference between the length of the shadows at all.
Similarly, you can detect the structure of the universe from subtle hints. One such subtle hint is the general self-referential lemma:

For every property about logic propositions, there exists a true proposition that has the property, or, a false proposition that doesn't have it.

If this lemma is true inside our universe, then we know what its structure must be.

By the way, Hubble's red shift is also just a very subtle hint, which tells us that the universe must be expanding.
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Sy Borg
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by Sy Borg »

One need imagination for such questions. If the universe is ultimately a supercluster of superclusters of superclusters, one would expect that, towards the edges it would thin out, where there would only be empty space. Perhaps at some unimaginable distance away there are other "bubble universes", ie. a multiverse, but no one knows.
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by heracleitos »

Sy Borg wrote: September 30th, 2022, 11:07 pm One need imagination for such questions. If the universe is ultimately a supercluster of superclusters of superclusters, one would expect that, towards the edges it would thin out, where there would only be empty space. Perhaps at some unimaginable distance away there are other "bubble universes", ie. a multiverse, but no one knows.
Assuming that not having a property amounts to having the corresponding negative property, and if it is true that for every observable pattern inside our universe there are (potentially) exceptions, then the structure of the universe is a foregone conclusion. In that case, there is no need to observe the entire multiverse to know what it looks like.

Still, it would be an interesting research project to look for rules in the physical universe that cannot possibly have an exception. The existence of such rule, as a counterexample, would deny the above. But then again, that would go straight against the suspicion of most scientists, who believe that every falsifiable theory will eventually be falsified.
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Sy Borg
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by Sy Borg »

heracleitos wrote: September 30th, 2022, 11:29 pm
Sy Borg wrote: September 30th, 2022, 11:07 pm One need imagination for such questions. If the universe is ultimately a supercluster of superclusters of superclusters, one would expect that, towards the edges it would thin out, where there would only be empty space. Perhaps at some unimaginable distance away there are other "bubble universes", ie. a multiverse, but no one knows.
Assuming that not having a property amounts to having the corresponding negative property, and if it is true that for every observable pattern inside our universe there are (potentially) exceptions, then the structure of the universe is a foregone conclusion. In that case, there is no need to observe the entire multiverse to know what it looks like.

Still, it would be an interesting research project to look for rules in the physical universe that cannot possibly have an exception. The existence of such rule, as a counterexample, would deny the above. But then again, that would go straight against the suspicion of most scientists, who believe that every falsifiable theory will eventually be falsified.
Perhaps the most interesting case so far is the so-called Axis of Evil, an apparent axis seen in the cosmic microwave background. If it is true and not a statistical fluke, that would throw the cat amongst the pigeons, so to speak. https://www.space.com/37334-earth-ordin ... -evil.html
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by dattaswami »

Pattern-chaser wrote: September 29th, 2022, 12:51 pm
dattaswami wrote: September 29th, 2022, 11:55 am WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?
This is a question about words and their assigned meaning(s). If the "universe" means 'everything there is', then there is nothing beyond it.



As for the rest of your extremely long OP, I'm afraid I didn't read it. Tl;dr. Sorry.
Then why scientists say the universe is expanding? If it expands it expands into something else right?
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Re: WHAT EXISTS BEYOND THE BOUNDARY OF UNIVERSE?

Post by LuckyR »

heracleitos wrote: September 30th, 2022, 10:21 pm
LuckyR wrote: September 30th, 2022, 5:40 pm Good point and even if definitions are agreed upon this subject matter is fully in the unobservable (and thus unverifiable and therefore unknowable) category.
We know quite a bit about the natural numbers even though it is impossible to obverse them all. There is an infinite number of them, potentially or actually, depending on whether you accept the axiom of infinity.

However, it is not because the natural numbers are infinite that there is nothing beyond them.

According to CH (Continuum Hypothesis), there is gap after the natural numbers. Next, there is an entire copy of the real numbers. Next, there is another massive gap. That goes on forever.

If the elusive theory of the universe contains a copy of the relevant fragment of arithmetic theory (Robinson's Q), then the universe has the same structure.

By the way, in a similar fashion, you do not need to observe the entire globe to seriously suspect that it is round. There are in fact numerous, subtle hints that give it away:
7 Ways to Prove the Earth Is Round (Without Launching a Satellite)

The first person to estimate the circumference of the Earth was a Greek mathematician named Eratosthenes, who was born in 276 B.C. He did so by comparing shadows case on the day of the summer solstice ... On a flat Earth, there wouldn't have been any difference between the length of the shadows at all.
Similarly, you can detect the structure of the universe from subtle hints. One such subtle hint is the general self-referential lemma:

For every property about logic propositions, there exists a true proposition that has the property, or, a false proposition that doesn't have it.

If this lemma is true inside our universe, then we know what its structure must be.

By the way, Hubble's red shift is also just a very subtle hint, which tells us that the universe must be expanding.
Substituting "suspect" for your use of "know" is more accurate and makes our postings consistent with one another.
"As usual... it depends."
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